This nozzle often produces little if any atomization, but directs the stream of liquid. The simplest single fluid nozzle is a plain orifice nozzle as shown in the diagram. Many configurations of single fluid nozzles are used depending on the spray characteristics desired. As the fluid pressure increases, the flow through the nozzle increases, and the drop size decreases.
This most widely used type of spray nozzle is more energy efficient at producing surface area than most other types. Single-fluid or hydraulic spray nozzles utilize the kinetic energy imparted to the liquid to break it up into droplets. Spray nozzles range from heavy duty industrial uses to light duty spray cans or spray bottles. Multiple outlets on nozzles are present on spray balls, which have been used in the brewing industry for many years for cleaning casks and kegs. Spray nozzles can have one or more outlets a multiple outlet nozzle is known as a compound nozzle. Spray nozzles are of great importance for many applications, where the spray nozzle is designed to have the right spray characteristics. A wide variety of spray nozzles exist, that make use of one or multiple liquid breakup mechanisms, which can be divided into three categories: liquid sheet breakup, jets and capillary waves. The production of a spray requires the fragmentation of liquid structures, such as liquid sheets or ligaments, into droplets, often by using kinetic energy to overcome the cost of creating additional surface area. A spray nozzle or atomizer is a device that facilitates the dispersion of a liquid by the formation of a spray.
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